Metal filament for electric incandescent lamps.



. H. KUZEL, METAL; FRAMENT FOR ELEGTEIG IHGANDESGENT LAMPS.

I APPLICATION FILED JULY 16, 1907, I

Pawnte Sept. 15, 2968.

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rn'rnrvr orirrcn HANS lilIgZlCL, Ul" BADEN, NEAR VIENNA, AlISTltlX-HUNGARY.

METAL FILAMENT FOR ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 15'. 1908v Application filed July 16. 1907. Serial No. 383,954.

To (118 whom it may concern:

Be it'known that I. llaxs KL'ZIJL, a. subject of the fl1111 r rr of Germany, and a resident o *Baden, near Vienna, Empire of Austria-l lungary, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Metal-filament Electric In -andeseence Lamps, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same. 1

My invention relates to electric incandescence lamps having horsc shoe shaped filaments made of refractory metals, such as tungsten. Such lamps could be burned heretofore only in a downwardly hanging position and the filaments had to bc,supported by special holding devices such as hooks, eyelets or the like provided. within thebulb for preventing distortions of the filaments. Such distortions are due to the softening of the extremely fine and delicate filaments when heated to incandescence by the passage of the currcm and to electrodynamic action, and in sum. cases also to electrostatic actions, and l'requently result in an early destruction of' the lamp owing to short circuit ing in consequence ol neighboring filament lcgs coming into contactwit h each other. It has been proposed to avoid this deficiency by so arranging the holding devices supporting the individual legs of thc filaments at points intermediate between the points of Connection oi the same to the supply wires andthe hights of such horseshoe or U shaped filaments, that the distance of the said points of connection from the longitudinal axis of the lamp is dili'erent from the distance of the centers of the said holding devices from the same axis. Such lamps can also only be burned in a downwardly hanging position, their longitudinal axis being vertical with the said points of connection uppermost and tho bigbts oi the filaments lowermost.

According to my present'invcntion I provide in such lamps besides the holding devices arranged as just described relatively to the points oi'- connection ofthe filaments to the supply wires, also bight holders sup porting tho-bight of each filament at the bight and preferably make the distance of suclrbight holder from the longitudinal axis of the lamp difi'creiiit from the distance lictwccn the adjaccnf t'holding devices, and. the same axis. vLamps having their bights so supported may be burned in an upright position with their bights uppermost or even in a horizontal or any inclined position, because by so supporting the filaments the inevitable distortion of the filament legs are so controlled that any risk of neighboring filament legs cdining into contact with eaclr other is avoided.

In the accompanying drawing Figures 1 to 4 are perspective views, showing various modifications of my improved metal filament incandescence lamps.

In the drawing a are the horse shoe or U- shaped metal filaments, c are the supply wires, (1 are the soldering or cementing beads connecting the filaments to the supply wires, e are the holding devices to loosely guide the filaments. The distance of these latter from the longitudinal axis of the lamp is ditl'erent from ant. as shown in the drawing greater than the distance of the soldering or cementing beads d from the same axis. 1) are the bight holders supporting each of the filaments at its bight. The distance of the bight holders from the longitudinal axis of the lamp, is different from and as shown less than the distance of the holding devices from the same axis.

In Figs. 1 and 2 the holding devices e and the bight holders 1) are attached to a central supportfwithin the bulb i of the lamp while in Fig. 3 the holding devices 6 are attached 'to small glass rods g scaled into the bulb, the bight holders (1 being attached to the central support.

In Figs. 1 and 3 two bight holders for each filament are. shown While in Fig. 2 there is provided only one such bight holder for each filament.

Instead of attaching the bight holders to the central support they might be attached to glass rods scaled into the bulb as shown in Fig 4.

By supporting the filaments in the manner described, tl 1c lamps may be burned in any position whatever, because the distortions of necessity occurring in the parts of the filament logs between neighboring supporting points are so controlled by the arrangement of the-a supporting points that any danger of neighboring filament legs coming into contact with each other is practically coniplctcly avoidcd- Further when the filamonls arc softened when heated to incandcsccncc by the passage of the current, the parts of their legs contained between neighboring supporting points become curved or bent under the action of gravity, such bending or curving of the them to contract again without breaking when they-are thrown out of circuit.

Clairn 'In an electric incandescent lam the combination of supply Wires, a piurality of horse-shoe shaped metal filaments having their free ends connected to such supply wires, holding devices,-n1eans for supporting such holding devices in the bulb, the said holding devices being adapted to loosely guide longitudinally both legs of each filament at points intermediate between the points of connection of such legs to the su ply wires and thc hight of such filament, the distance of the Points of connection between the free ends of the filament and the supply filaments permitting Wires from the longitudinal axis of the lamp being diiierent from the distance ofthe holding evices from the said axis, bight holders adapted to support such filaments at the hights andmeans for supporting the said bight holders, the distance of such bight holders from the longitudinal axis of the lamp being different from the distance of the I HANS 'KUZEL. Witnesses Jens GEORGE HARDY, Rom. W. HEINGARTNER. 

